EVOLUTION: A MATHEMATICAL IMPOSSIBILITY? [+] serious ballot by ynohtna5 ACTIVE Mon Nov 19, 07 - Tue Nov 18, 08 One of the foundational beliefs of Darwinian evolution is that organism evolve by random mutation. The learned that the MINIMUM number of mutations necessary to produce the simplest new structure in an organism is five, and these five mutations must be the proper type and must affect five genes that are functionally related. In other words, not just any five mutations will do. Mutations of any kind are believed to occur once in every 100,000 gene replications. Assuming that the first single-celled organism had 10,000 genes, one mutation would exist for every ten cells. Since only one in every 1,000 mutations is non-harmful, there would be only one non-harmful mutation in a population of 10,000 such cells. The odds that this one non-harmful mutation would affect a particular gene, however, is 1 in 10,000 (since there are 10,000 genes). Therefore, one would need a population of 100,000,000 cells before one of them would be expected to possess a non-harmful mutation of a specific gene. The odds of a single cell possessing non-harmful mutations of five specific (functionally related) genes is the product of their separate probabilities. In other words, the probability is 1 in 10^8 X 10^8 X 10^8 X 10^8 X 10^8, or 1 in 10^40. If one hundred trillion (10^14) bacteria were produced every second for five billion years (10^17 seconds), the resulting population (10^31) would be only 1/1,000,000,000 of what was needed! So far 5 billion years has passed, and you still haven't reached the first mutation necessary for evolution. The earth is estimated to be between 5 to 7 billion years old. How do you account for a naturalistic life with these odds? i don't know a problem with these numbers (explain) evolution is not true other Ballot #119384 : SEE RESULTS Comment: show your vote with comment?

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